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首先，目前的贸易格局是美国多年政策实施的结果。20世纪60年代后，美国在第三次科技革命的背景下，对其国内产业结构进行重大调整，将钢铁、纺织等传统产业逐步转移外放，在其国内主要致力于集成电路等资本和技术密集型产业的发展，同时严格执行技术出口管制措施，逐步利用其科技优势、生产优势等塑造出以服务业为主，低储蓄、高消费的经济格局。

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